HT: Tim Challies
How can we know that the Bible that God breathed out and that men recorded has been accurately preserved for us? How can we be sure that God’s Word has remained God’s Word from the time it was first written to this present day?
THE PRESERVATION OF THE OLD TESTAMENT
While recent scholarship has questioned the preservation of the original manuscripts of the Bible, the truth is that the Bible has more evidence for its integrity than any other ancient book. Recent archaeological findings confirm the faithfulness of the Bible we have in our possession.
In 1946, a Bedouin shepherd discovered a handful of ancient scrolls in the caves of Qumran. A deeper search over the next two years led to the finding of the Dead Sea Scrolls, the greatest manuscript discovery of the modern era. Archaeologists found thousands of biblical fragments dating back to as early as the second century BC, including the entire book of Isaiah and pieces of every Old Testament book except Esther.
Before the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls, biblical scholars had to rely on the ninth century AD Masoretic Text in order to translate the original Hebrew manuscripts into other languages. The Dead Sea Scrolls gave scholars a fresh opportunity to compare much earlier manuscripts with the Masoretic Text.
Many of the scrolls demonstrated a striking similarity to the Masoretic Text. In the book of Isaiah, for example, the Dead Sea Scrolls lined up exactly about 95 percent of the time. The 5 percent of differences between the two texts were primarily the result of obvious scribal errors.
What is the significance of this? It serves as just one of many evidences that over the course of many centuries, the Hebrew text was preserved. Because of the similarities in the manuscript, we can be confident that the Old Testament we have today is an extremely reliable copy of the original Hebrew Scriptures.
THE PRESERVATION OF THE NEW TESTAMENT
While the manuscript evidence for the Old Testament is encouraging, the manuscript evidence of the New Testament is unsurpassed by any other ancient book. There are more than 5,700 Greek manuscripts containing either parts or all of the New Testament text. Compare this to Homer’s Iliad, which only has 1,757 manuscripts in existence, or Beowulf, which comes to us from only one manuscript.
The wealth of manuscript evidence for the New Testament provides us with a tremendously accurate rendering of the original copies. While there are scribal variants in many of these manuscripts, most of the differences are insignificant errors such as misspellings and changes in word order. Because we have so many manuscripts, biblical scholars are able to determine the wording of the original text in the vast majority of cases.
FROM GOD TO YOU
While thousands of years have passed since God breathed out the Old and New Testament Scriptures, they remain the living, perfect Word of God today. Though the Scriptures have passed through countless scribes and many forms— from papyrus to paper to phone— you can be confident that the Word you read today is the very Word that was breathed out by God and written by the prophets and apostles.